Amaya Toman Apple waxay soo bandhigtay macOS 12-keeda cusub ee nidaamka hawlgalka Monterey inta lagu gudajiray furitaanka Keynote ee shirka horumarinta ee WWDC sanadkan. Dabcan, nidaamka Mac ayaa taariikh dheer ka kaas oo hadda ku salaysan yahay. U gudub taariikhda OS X iyo macOS ilaa 2001, si fiican u nuqul
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Vratislav Holub Mac OS X 10.0 Haramcad
Nooca ugu horreeya ee nidaamka hawlgalka ee Mac OS X waxaa loo magacaabay Cheetah. Waxa la sii daayay March 2001, qiimihiisuna waxa uu ahaa $129. Waxay bixisay astaamo ay ka mid yihiin Dock, Terminal ama Boostada asalka ah, oo lagu soo bandhigay, waxyaabo kale, is dhexgalka adeegsadaha Aqua ee halyeeyga ah. Nidaamkan hawlgalka waxa kale oo ka mid ahaa codsiyada sida TextEdit, Sherlock search tool ama xataa hagaha. Mac OS X wuxuu ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee dadweynaha siidaynta ugu weyn ee nidaamka cusub ee kombiyuutarka Apple. Nuqulkii u dambeeyay ee Mac OS X 10.0, ee ku suntan 10.0.4, ayaa la sii daayay Juun 2001.
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Mac OS X 10.1 Cougar
Mac OS X 10.1 Puma nidaamka qalliinka ayaa la sii daayay Sebtembar 2001, nuqulkeedii ugu dambeeyay ee 10.1.5 wuxuu arkay iftiinka maalinta Juun 2002. Iyadoo imaatinka Mac OS X Puma, isticmaalayaashu waxay arkeen horumarin xagga waxqabadka, taageerada dib u soo celinta DVD, Gubashada CD-ga iyo DVD-ga fudud iyo tiro horumar yar ah. Mac OS X 10.1 ayaa lagu soo bandhigay shirka Apple ee San Francisco, iyadoo ka qaybgalayaasha shirka ay heleen nuqul bilaash ah oo OS ah. Kuwo kale waxay ahayd inay Puma ka iibsadaan Dukaamada Apple ama iibiyeyaasha idman.
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Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar
Mac OS X 10.1 Jaguar wuxuu ahaa ku-xigeenka Mac OS X 2002 Puma bishii Agoosto 10.2. Imaatinkeeda, isticmaalayaashu waxay heleen dhowr astaamood iyo hal-abuurnimo kuwaas oo qayb ka ahaa nidaamyada hawlgalka desktop ilaa hadda - tusaale ahaan, taageerada qaabka MPEG-4 ee codsiga QuickTime ama shaqada Inkwell ee aqoonsiga gacan-qoraalka. Jaguar waxaa loo heli karaa sida koobi kali ah ama xirmo qoys oo lagu rakibi karo ilaa shan kombiyuutar oo kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, qaabka Rendezvous wuxuu sameeyay kulankiisii ugu horreeyay halkan, isagoo fududeynaya iskaashiga aaladaha ku xiran shabakad isku mid ah. Nooca ugu dambeeya ee Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar waxaa loo yaqaan 10.2.8 waxaana la sii daayay Oktoobar 2003.
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Mac OS X 10.3 Bakhaar
Mid kale oo ka mid ah nidaamyada hawlgalka, oo loogu magac daray felines waaweyn, ayaa la sii daayay Oktoobar 2003, iyo nuqulkeedii ugu dambeeyay, 10.3.9, ayaa soo muuqday Abriil 2005. Nooca afaraad ee ugu weyn ee nidaamka hawlgalka OS X wuxuu keenay, tusaale ahaan, codsiga Finder, awood u leh in ay si dhakhso ah u kala beddelaan inta u dhaxaysa isticmaalayaasha badan, shaqada Exposé ee maaraynta sahlan ee daaqadaha furan ama Horudhaca asalka ah ee la shaqeynta sawirada iyo sharraxaadda faylasha PDF. Wararka kale waxaa ka mid ahaa Buugga Farta, Qalabka sirta ah ee FileVault, taageerada shirarka maqalka iyo muuqaalka ee arjiga iChat, ama xitaa browserka Safari.
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Mac OS X 10.4 Shabeel
Apple waxay sii deysay nidaamkeeda hawlgalka Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger bishii Abriil 2005. Tiger, tusaale ahaan, shaqada Spotlight, oo aan u isticmaalno horumarro badan oo nooca hadda ah ee macOS, ayaa sameeyay kulankiisii ugu horreeyay. Wararka kale waxaa ka mid ahaa nooca cusub ee browser-ka Safari, shaqada Dashboard-ka ama taageerada 64-bit ee kombayuutarka Power Mac G5 oo la hagaajiyay. Apple sidoo kale waxay soo bandhigtay utility Automator, shaqada VoiceOver ee isticmaalayaasha aragga naafada ka ah, qaamuus isku dhafan iyo thesaurus, ama laga yaabee codsiga Grapher. Nuqulkii u dambeeyay ee Mac OS X Tiger, oo ku suntan 10.4.11, ayaa la sii daayay Noofambar 2007.
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Mac OS X 10.5 Shabeel
Bishii Oktoobar 2007, Apple waxay soo saartay nidaamkeeda cusub ee hawlgalka ee loo yaqaan Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard. Cusboonaysiintan, tiro shaqo iyo codsiyo ah, sida Automator, Finder, dictionary, Mail ama iChat, ayaa la hagaajiyay. Apple waxay sidoo kale soo bandhigtay Back to My Mac iyo Boot Camp hawlaha halkan, oo waxay ku dartay codsiga iCal ee asalka ah (kalandarka dambe) ama qalabka Time Machine, taasoo awood u siinaysa kaydinta macluumaadka Mac. Isku xirka adeegsadaha ayaa sidoo kale helay isbedelo iyo horumarin, halkaas oo walxo badan ay noqdeen kuwo hufan oo Dock uu helay muuqaal 3D ah. Nooca ugu dambeeya ee Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard waxaa loo magacaabay 10.5.8 waxaana la soo bandhigay Agoosto 2009.
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Mac OS X 10.6 Leopard baraf ah
Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard ayaa la sii daayay Agoosto 2009. Waa noocii ugu horreeyay ee OS X ee loogu talagalay kombuyuutarrada leh processor-rada Intel, hal-abuurrada uu keenay casriyeyntan waxaa ka mid ah Mac App Store oo cusub. Finder, Boot Camp, iChat iyo qalabyada kale iyo codsiyada waa la hagaajiyay, taageerada multitouch ee laptops-yada cusub ee Apple laga bilaabo 2008 ayaa sidoo kale lagu daray hawlaha AppleTalk. Nuqulkii ugu dambeeyay ee Snow Leopard, oo ku suntan 10.6.8, ayaa la sii daayay Luulyo 2011.
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Mac OS X 10.7 Libaax
Apple waxay sii daysay Mac OS X 10.7 Libaaxa bishii Luulyo 2011. Warkani wuxuu keenay, tusaale ahaan, taageerada tignoolajiyada AirDrop, shaqada ogeysiinta riixida, kaydinta tooska ah ee dukumentiyada ama shaqada hubinta higgaadda oo la hagaajiyay. Waxa kale oo jiray taageerada emoji, adeeg cusub oo FaceTime ah, nooc cusub oo ah Buugga Farta, ama laga yaabee horumarro lagu sameeyay shaqada FileVault. Hal-abuur kale oo soo dhaweyn ah ayaa ahayd taageerada nidaamka-ballaaran ee bandhigga shaashadda buuxda ee codsiyada, kaas oo lagu daray qalabka luqadda čestina, iyo Launchpad - oo ah muuqaal lagu bilaabayo codsiyada u eg iOS muuqaal ahaan - sidoo kale halkan ayuu ka soo muuqday. Nuqulkii ugu dambeeyay ee Mac OS X Lion, oo lagu sumadeeyay 10.7.5, ayaa la sii daayay Oktoobar 2012.
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Mac OS X 10.8 Libaaxa Buurta
Nooca soo socda ee OS X, oo loo yaqaan 10.8 Mountain Lion, ayaa la soo bandhigay bishii July 2012. Halkan, Apple soo bandhigay, tusaale ahaan, Xarunta Ogeysiinta cusub, Notes hooyo, fariimaha, soo bandhigay adeegga Center Game ama taageero kormeerka mirroring via technology AirPlay. Shaqada PowerNap ayaa lagu daray, awoodda in si toos ah loo cusbooneysiiyo codsiyada Mac App Store, iyo MobileMe waxaa lagu beddelay iCloud. Nooca ugu dambeeya ee Mac OS X Mountain Lion wuxuu ahaa 10.8.5 waxaana la sii daayay Agoosto 2015.
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Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks
Bishii Oktoobar 2013, Apple waxay soo saartay Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks nidaamka hawlgalka. Iyada oo qayb ka ah, tusaale ahaan, shaqada App Nap ee codsiyada aan firfircoonayn, OpenGL 4.1 iyo OpenCL 1.2 taageerada ayaa la soo bandhigay, iyo qaar ka mid ah walxaha skeuomorphic ee is-dhexgalka isticmaalaha ayaa laga saaray. Lagu darey iCloud Keychain, is dhexgalka madal LinkedIn, iyo Finder waxaa lagu hagaajiyay qaabka tabs. Sifooyin kale oo cusub oo lagu soo bandhigay Mac OS X Mavericks waxaa ka mid ah iBooks (hadda Apple Books), Khariidado cusub oo waddan ah, iyo kalandarka waddaniga ah. Nuqulkii u dambeeyay ee Mavericks, oo lagu sumadeeyay 10.9.5, ayaa la sii daayay Luulyo 2016.
Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite
Mac OS X 2014 Yosemite wuxuu noqday mid kale oo ka mid ah nidaamyada hawlgalka Apple, kaas oo magaciisa ka soo amaahday meelo ku yaal California qorrax leh, Oktoobar 10.10. Warkani wuxuu keenay dib-u-qaabayn la taaban karo oo lagu sameeyay is-dhexgalka isticmaalaha, kaas oo Apple ay ku macsalaamaysay skeuomorphism, iyadoo la raacayo tusaalaha iOS 7. Astaamo cusub iyo mowduucyo ayaa lagu daray, Sii wadida waa la soo bandhigay, iPhoto iyo Aperture waxaa lagu beddelay Sawirro asal ah. Qalabka Spotlight wuxuu helay horumar qayb ahaan, iyo waxyaabo cusub ayaa lagu daray Xarunta Ogeysiinta. Nooca ugu dambeeya ee Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite waxaa loo yaqaan 10.10.5 waxaana la sii daayay July 2017.
Mac OS X 10.11 El Capitan
Bishii Sebtembar 2015, Apple waxay soo saartay Mac OS X 10.11 El Capitan nidaamka hawlgalka. Marka laga soo tago hagaajinta waxqabadka, nashqadaynta iyo sirta, noocani waxa kale oo uu keenay warar qaab maamul daaqadeed ka wanaagsan oo taageero u ah shaqada Shaashada Kala-baxa, taageerada dhaqdhaqaaqyada taabashooyinka badan ee fariimaha hooyo iyo boostada, muujinta gaadiidka dadwaynaha ee Maps-ka hooyo. ama laga yaabee in dib-u-qaabayn buuxda lagu sameeyo Qoraallada. browserka Safari sidoo kale waa la hagaajiyay, taageerada kordhinta qolo saddexaad ayaa lagu daray Sawirada asalka ah. Nuqulkii u dambeeyay ee Mac OS X El Capitan, oo lagu sumadeeyay 10.11.6, ayaa la sii daayay bishii Luulyo 2018.
Mac OS X 10.12 Sierra
Ku-xigeenka Mac OS X El Capitan wuxuu ahaa Mac OS X 2016 Sierra bishii Sebtembar 10.12. Imaatinka cusboonaysiintan, isticmaalayaashu waxay heleen, tusaale ahaan, nooca desktop-ka ee kaaliyaha codka Siri, xulashooyinka maaraynta kaydinta qani ah, taageerada furitaanka Mac-ga iyadoo la adeegsanayo Apple Watch, ama laga yaabo in Universal Clipboard-ka koobiyo iyo ku dhejinta waxyaabaha ku jira aaladaha Apple. . Shaqada Sawir-ku-gudbinta waxaa lagu daray Safari, isticmaalayaashu waxay sidoo kale u isticmaali karaan shaqada Habeenka si ay u daawadaan fiidka iyo habeenkii. Markii uu yimid Mac OS X Sierra, Apple waxay sidoo kale soo bandhigtay taageerada adeegga lacag bixinta Apple Pay ee Mac. Nooca ugu dambeeyay ee Mac OS X Sierra waxaa loo yaqaan 10.12.6 waxaana la sii daayay Agoosto 2019.
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Mac OS X 10.13 High Sierra
Bishii Sebtembar 2017, Apple waxay soo saartay Mac OS X 10.3 High Sierra nidaamka hawlgalka. Warkani wuxuu keenay, tusaale ahaan, Sawirro hooyo oo dib loo habeeyay, Boostada oo la hagaajiyay ama qalab cusub oo ilaalinta sirnimada ee browserka Safari. Farriimaha asaliga ah waxay heleen taageerada iCloud, isticmaalayaashu sidoo kale waxay ogaan karaan hagaajinta waxqabadka. Apple ayaa sidoo kale sheegay in la xidhiidha Mac OS X High Sierra in ay diiradda saaraan faahfaahinta farsamada halkii sifooyin cusub. Nuqulkii ugu dambeeyay ee Mac OS X High Sierra, oo lagu sumadeeyay 10.13.6, ayaa la sii daayay Noofambar 2020.
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MacOS Mojave
Ku-xigeenka Mac OS X High Sierra wuxuu ahaa nidaamka hawlgalka macOS Mojave bishii Sebtembar 2018. Halkan, Apple waxay soo bandhigtay magaca "macOS" halkii ay ka ahaan lahayd Mac OS X hore, waxayna sidoo kale soo bandhigtay hal-abuurnimo sida qaab mugdi ah oo ballaadhan. MacOS Mojave sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa nidaamka hawlgalka desktop ee ugu dambeeyay ee Apple si uu u bixiyo taageerada codsiyada 32-bit. Codsiyada cusub ee asalka u ah Dictaphone, Actions, Apple News (gobollada la doortay) iyo Guriga ayaa sidoo kale lagu daray. MacOS Mojave wuxuu soo afjaray is dhexgalka Facebook, Twitter, Vimeo iyo Flicker, wuxuu soo bandhigay horumarin lagu sameeyay tiro codsiyo wadani ah, sidoo kale wuxuu ku daray taageerada wicitaanada kooxda ee loo maro FaceTime. Nooca ugu dambeeya ee nidaamka hawlgalka macOS Mojave waxaa loo yaqaan 10.14.6 waxaana la sii daayay May 2021.
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MacOS 10.15 Catalina
Bishii Oktoobar 2019, Apple wuxuu siidaayay macOS 10.15 Catalina nidaamka hawlgalka. Catalina waxay keentay wararka qaab shaqada Sidecar, taasoo u oggolaanaysa iPad-ka in loo isticmaalo kormeere dheeri ah, ama laga yaabo inay taageerto kontaroolayaasha ciyaarta wireless. Soo hel saaxiibo oo raadi Mac waxay ku milmeen madal Raadinta, iyo xasuusiyayaasha hooyo, cod duubaha, iyo abka qoraalada sidoo kale dib ayaa loo habeeyey. Halkii laga heli lahaa iTunes, macOS Catalina waxay soo bandhigtay Muusig gaar ah, Podcasts, iyo Buugaag, iyo maaraynta aaladaha iOS ku xidhan waxa lagu sameeyay Finder. Taageerada codsiyada 64-bit sidoo kale waa la joojiyay. Nooca ugu dambeeyay ee macOS Catalina, oo sumadeeyay 10.15.7, ayaa la sii daayay Maajo 2021.
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macOS 11 Big Sur
Deyrtii hore, Apple waxay soo saartay macOS 11 Big Sur nidaamka hawlgalka. Iyadoo ay weheliso imaatinka warkan, isticmaalayaashu waxay arkeen, tusaale ahaan, dib-u-qaabaynta is-dhexgalka isticmaalaha, markii walxaha qaarkood ay bilaabeen inay u ekaadaan walxaha UI ee nidaamka hawlgalka iOS. Xarun cusub oo kontorool ayaa lagu daray, Xarunta Ogeysiinta ayaa dib loo habeeyay waxaana la soo bandhigay taageerada codsiyada IOS iyo iPadOS. Habka cusboonaysiinta software-ka waa la dardargeliyay, browserka Safari wuxuu helay doorashooyin wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay habeynta iyo maaraynta sirta. Warka Dhaladka waxa uu helay astaamo cusub, iyo App Store sidoo kale dib ayaa loo qaabeeyey. Shaqooyin cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu daray khariidado hooyo, Qoraalo, ama laga yaabee Dictaphone. Taageerada Adobe Flash Player waa la joojiyay.
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macOS 12 Monterey
Ku darista ugu dambeeyay ee qoyska Apple ee nidaamyada hawlgalka desktop waa macOS 12 Monterey. Hal-abuurnimadani waxay keentay, tusaale ahaan, shaqada Kontoroolka Caalamiga ah ee lagu xakameynayo Macs badan isla mar ahaantaana leh hal kiiboodhka iyo jiirka, codsiga Shortcuts-ka asalka ah, oo laga yaqaan nidaamka hawlgalka iOS, shaqada AirPlay ilaa Mac ee muraayadda bandhigga Mac shaashadda, ama laga yaabee in browserka Safari ee la hagaajiyay oo awood u leh inuu abuuro ururinta kaararka. Tilmaamaha kale ee cusub ee macOS 12 Monterey waxaa ka mid ah hagaajinta hawlaha ilaalinta sirta, hawlaha SharePlay ama xitaa qaabka diiradda.
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